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Chapter 4: Linux Advanced Commands

4.10 Environment variables

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echo $HOME $USER $PATH $SHELL
env | sort                     # all environment variables
export APP_ENV=production      # set for this session and child processes
echo $APP_ENV
unset APP_ENV
echo 'export PATH=$PATH:$HOME/bin' >> ~/.bashrc   # make permanent for your user
source ~/.bashrc               # reload without logging out

Keep secrets out of code

Store database passwords in environment variables or a .env file with permission 600, never hard-coded in files that go to GitHub.